peeking at the processes(ps command)

  1. Fields of the output:

  2. UID: The user responsible for launching the process

  3. PID: The process ID of the process

  4. PPID: The PID of the parent process
  5. C: Processor utilization over the lifetime of the process
  6. STIME: The system time when the process started.
  7. TTY: The terminal device from which the process was launched
  8. TIME: The cumulative CPU time required to run the process
  9. CMD: The name of the program that was started.

(2). Extra Fields

  • F: System flags assigned to the process by the kernel
  • S: The state of the process(O=running on processor; S=sleeping; R=runnable, waiting to run; Z = zombie, process terminated but parent not available; T=process stopped)
  • PRI: The priority of the process(higher numbers mean lower priority)
  • NI: The nice value, which is used for determine priorities
  • ADDR: The memory address of the process
  • SZ: approximate amount of swap space required if the process was swapped out
  • WCHAN: Address of the kernel function where the process is sleeping

(3). Unix style

  • VSZ: The size in kilobytes of the process in memory
  • RSS: The physical memory that a process has used that isn't swapped out
  • STAT: A two-character statecode representing the current process state

Detail state code for processes:

  • < : The process is running at high priority
  • N: The process is running at low priority
  • L: The process has pages locked in memory
  • s: The process is a session leader
  • l: The process is multi-threaded
  • +: The processor is running in the foreground

Real-time process monitoring

The load average appears as three numbers: The 1-minutes, 5-minutes, 15-minutes load average.

  • PID: The process ID of the process
  • USER: The user name of the owner of the process
  • PR: The priority of the process
  • NI: The nice value of the process
  • VIRT: The total amount of virtual memory used by the process
  • RES: The amount of physical memory the process is using.
  • SHR: The amount of memory the process is sharing with other processes.
  • S: The process status (D=interruptible sleep, R=running, S=sleeping, T=traced or stopped, or Z=zombie)
  • %CPU: The share of CPU time that the process is using.
  • %MEM: The share of available physical memory the process is using.
  • TIME+: The total CPU time the process had used since starting.

  • COMMAND: The command line name of the process.

  • Keystrokes for changing the display

  • f: Allows you to select the field used to sort the output

  • d: Allows you to change the polling interval.

  • q: Allow you to exit the display

User, which user owning the process

ps aux | grep zabbix
  1. see which user is runner process
ps aux | awk '{ print $1 }' | sed '1 d' | sort | uniq

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